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International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) is an international taekwondo organisation founded on March 22, 1966, by Choi Hong Hi (Korean: 최홍희) in Seoul, South Korea.〔 The ITF was founded to promote and encourage the growth of the Korean martial art of Taekwon-Do. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Breakthrough deal to allow N. Koreans to compete in Olympic taekwondo competitions )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Martial Arts of the World )〕 The ITF's main functions include coordinating and approving tournaments and seminars, setting standards for teaching (patterns, sparring, destruction), collaborating with affiliated member organizations, and providing services members in regards to rank and certifications. Following a period of political schism, there are now multiple groups using the name "International Taekwon-do Federation". == Patterns == (詳細はKorean, originally called ''hyeong'' (형), form an important aspect of training in Taekwon-Do. They are equivalent to the ''kata'' in karate. The majority of the patterns (except Yul-Gok, Ul-Ji and Tong-Il) start with a defensive move, which emphasizes taekwon-do's defensive nature. All of the patterns start and end at the same location. This ensures that the practitioners' stances are the correct length, width, and in the proper direction. There are 24 patterns in the official ITF syllabus; this is symbolic of the 24 hours in a day. One additional pattern, Ko-Dang (or Go-Dang), was retired/replaced by Juche in 1986 by General Choi Hong Hi.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=International Taekwon-Do Essay )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Juche Versus Ko-Dang )〕 Ko-Dang and Juche are similar, and some Taekwon-do organisations have renamed Juche to Ko-Dang〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tul Update )〕 furthering confusion as to if a pattern referred to as "Ko-Dang" is the original 39 movement or the newer 45 movement pattern. The names of these patterns typically refer either to events in Korean history or to important people in Korean history. Elements of the patterns may also be historical references, such as the number of moves, the diagram, the way the pattern ends, and so on. Patterns (''teul'') are performed in accordance with "The Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do" in 15 volumes written by General Choi Hong Hi, the latest edition being from 1999 (later editions have been published, but the 1999 editions were the last General Choi Hong Hi was directly involved with). This comprehensive work contains 15 volumes with volumes 8 through 15 dedicated to the 24 patterns and containing descriptions of the pattern movements as well as pictures showing possible applications of some of the movements. There is also the book entitled "The Korean Art of Self Defense" (the 1999 edition, the latest used by ITF under Grandmaster Tran Trieu Quan and ITF under Grandmaster Choi, or the 2004 edition, the latest used by ITF under Chang Ung), also known as the Condensed Encyclopedia, written by General Choi Hong Hi. This is a single condensed encyclopedia of approximately 770 pages with a section dedicated to the 24 patterns. There are also three fundamental exercises, named ''Saju-Jirugi'' (Four Direction Punch), ''Saju-Makgi'' (Four Direction Block) and ''Saju Tulgi'' (Four Direction Thrust). ''Saju-Jirugi'' and ''Saju-Makgi'' are basic defence exercises taught to beginners of the martial art. ''Saju Tulgi'' is less well known and is generally taught to 2nd Kup students just prior to Hwa-Rang. ''Saju Tulgi'' is not presented in the Condensed Encyclopedia but is present in the 15 Volume Encyclopedia (see: Volume 10, page 122).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Martial Arts Planet - View Single Post - ITF and Chang Hon...Question! )〕 The 24 Patterns in Taekwon-Do ITF are: #Chon-Ji (19 Movements) 9th kup'' '' #Dan-Gun (21 Movements) 8th kup #Do-San (24 Movements) 7th kup #Won-Hyo (28 Movements) 6th kup #Yul-Gok (38 Movements) 5th kup #Joong-Gun (32 Movements) 4th kup #Toi-Gye (37 Movements) 3rd kup #Hwa-Rang (29 Movements) 2nd kup #Choong-Moo (30 Movements) 1st kup #Kwang Gae (39 Movements) 1st dan #Po-Eun (36 Movements) 1st dan #Ge-Baek (44 Movements) 1st dan #Eui-Am (45 Movements) 2nd dan #Choong-Jang (52 Movements) 2nd dan #Juche (45 Movements) 2nd dan #Sam-Il (33 Movements) 3rd dan #Yoo-Sin (68 Movements) 3rd dan #Choi-Yong (46 Movements) 3rd dan #Yon-Gae (49 Movements) 4th dan #Ul-Ji (42 Movements) 4th dan #Moon-Moo (61 Movements) 4th dan #So-San (72 Movements) 5th dan #Se-Jong (24 Movements) 5th dan #Tong-Il (56 Movements) 6th dan The 2 Retired Patterns in Taekwon-Do ITF are: #Ko-Dang (39 Movements) #U-Nam 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「International Taekwon-Do Federation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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